Differences between Question, Query and Doubt

Hello,

First of all, I'd like to state that I'm new here, and as a matter of fact this is my very first post here, therefore I apologize if I make/made any mistakes (hopefully I haven't done any so far).

My question (how ironic) here is the following:

What differs question from query and last but not least doubt? I know that on day-to-day use they all work out good, but at work, or when talking to important people, this means a huge impression.

Thanks in advance,
Antoine.